使用python快速生成nodejs项目文件结构

方法1：使用Python脚本快速创建

import os
import json

def create_nodejs_project_structure(project_name):
    """创建完整的Node.js项目结构"""

    # 基础目录结构
    directories = [
        project_name,
        f"{project_name}/src",
        f"{project_name}/src/routes",
        f"{project_name}/src/controllers",
        f"{project_name}/src/models",
        f"{project_name}/src/middlewares",
        f"{project_name}/src/utils",
        f"{project_name}/src/config",
        f"{project_name}/tests",
        f"{project_name}/tests/unit",
        f"{project_name}/tests/integration",
        f"{project_name}/public",
        f"{project_name}/public/css",
        f"{project_name}/public/js",
        f"{project_name}/public/images",
        f"{project_name}/views",
        f"{project_name}/logs",
        f"{project_name}/docs"
    ]

    # 创建目录
    for directory in directories:
        os.makedirs(directory, exist_ok=True)
        print(f"创建目录: {directory}")

    # package.json 内容
    package_json = {
        "name": project_name.lower().replace(" ", "-"),
        "version": "1.0.0",
        "description": "Node.js项目",
        "main": "src/server.js",
        "scripts": {
            "start": "node src/server.js",
            "dev": "nodemon src/server.js",
            "test": "jest",
            "test:watch": "jest --watch",
            "lint": "eslint src/",
            "format": "prettier --write \"src/**/*.js\""
        },
        "keywords": ["nodejs", "express"],
        "author": "Your Name",
        "license": "MIT",
        "dependencies": {
            "express": "^4.18.0",
            "dotenv": "^16.0.0",
            "cors": "^2.8.5",
            "helmet": "^7.0.0",
            "compression": "^1.7.0"
        },
        "devDependencies": {
            "nodemon": "^3.0.0",
            "jest": "^29.0.0",
            "supertest": "^6.3.0",
            "eslint": "^8.0.0",
            "prettier": "^3.0.0"
        },
        "engines": {
            "node": ">=16.0.0"
        }
    }

    # 创建文件
    files = {
        f"{project_name}/package.json": json.dumps(package_json, indent=2),

        f"{project_name}/.gitignore": """node_modules/
.env
.DS_Store
logs/
*.log
npm-debug.log*
yarn-debug.log*
yarn-error.log*
coverage/
dist/

# IDE相关
.vscode/
.idea/

# 环境变量
.env.local
.env.development.local
.env.test.local
.env.production.local""",

        f"{project_name}/.env.example": """NODE_ENV=development
PORT=3000
DATABASE_URL=mongodb://localhost:27017/mydb
JWT_SECRET=your_jwt_secret_key_here
API_KEY=your_api_key_here""",

        f"{project_name}/README.md": f"""# {project_name}

## 项目描述

这是一个使用Node.js和Express框架构建的项目。

## 安装

\`\`\`bash
npm install
\`\`\`

## 环境配置

1. 复制 .env.example 为 .env
2. 根据实际情况修改环境变量

\`\`\`bash
cp .env.example .env
\`\`\`

## 运行

开发模式：
\`\`\`bash
npm run dev
\`\`\`

生产模式：
\`\`\`bash
npm start
\`\`\`

## 测试

运行测试：
\`\`\`bash
npm test
\`\`\`

## 项目结构

\`\`\`
{project_name}/
├── src/
│   ├── server.js          # 应用入口
│   ├── app.js            # Express应用配置
│   ├── routes/           # 路由文件
│   ├── controllers/      # 控制器
│   ├── models/          # 数据模型
│   ├── middlewares/     # 中间件
│   ├── utils/           # 工具函数
│   └── config/          # 配置文件
├── tests/               # 测试文件
├── public/              # 静态文件
├── views/              # 视图文件
├── .env                # 环境变量
├── .gitignore          # Git忽略文件
├── package.json        # 项目依赖
└── README.md           # 项目说明
\`\`\`

## API文档

[API文档链接](docs/api.md)

## 许可证

MIT""",

        f"{project_name}/src/server.js": """const app = require('./app');
const dotenv = require('dotenv');

// 加载环境变量
dotenv.config();

const PORT = process.env.PORT || 3000;

// 启动服务器
app.listen(PORT, () => {
    console.log(`🚀 服务器运行在 http://localhost:${PORT}`);
    console.log(`📝 环境: ${process.env.NODE_ENV}`);
});

// 处理未捕获的异常
process.on('unhandledRejection', (reason, promise) => {
    console.error('未处理的Promise拒绝:', reason);
});

process.on('uncaughtException', (error) => {
    console.error('未捕获的异常:', error);
    process.exit(1);
});""",

        f"{project_name}/src/app.js": """const express = require('express');
const helmet = require('helmet');
const cors = require('cors');
const compression = require('compression');
const path = require('path');

// 导入路由
const indexRouter = require('./routes/index');

const app = express();

// 安全中间件
app.use(helmet());

// CORS配置
app.use(cors({
    origin: process.env.CORS_ORIGIN || '*',
    credentials: true
}));

// 压缩响应
app.use(compression());

// 解析请求体
app.use(express.json());
app.use(express.urlencoded({ extended: true }));

// 静态文件服务
app.use(express.static(path.join(__dirname, '../public')));

// 设置视图引擎
app.set('view engine', 'ejs');
app.set('views', path.join(__dirname, '../views'));

// 基础路由
app.get('/health', (req, res) => {
    res.status(200).json({
        status: 'ok',
        timestamp: new Date().toISOString(),
        uptime: process.uptime()
    });
});

// 使用路由
app.use('/', indexRouter);

// 404处理
app.use((req, res) => {
    res.status(404).json({
        error: 'Not Found',
        message: '请求的资源不存在'
    });
});

// 错误处理中间件
app.use((err, req, res, next) => {
    console.error(err.stack);

    const statusCode = err.status || 500;
    const message = process.env.NODE_ENV === 'production' 
        ? '服务器内部错误' 
        : err.message;

    res.status(statusCode).json({
        error: 'Internal Server Error',
        message: message,
        ...(process.env.NODE_ENV === 'development' && { stack: err.stack })
    });
});

module.exports = app;""",

        f"{project_name}/src/routes/index.js": """const express = require('express');
const router = express.Router();

// 主页路由
router.get('/', (req, res) => {
    res.json({
        message: '欢迎使用Node.js API',
        version: '1.0.0',
        documentation: '/api-docs'
    });
});

// API版本前缀
router.use('/api/v1', require('./api'));

module.exports = router;""",

        f"{project_name}/src/routes/api.js": """const express = require('express');
const router = express.Router();

// 示例API路由
router.get('/users', (req, res) => {
    res.json({
        users: [
            { id: 1, name: 'Alice' },
            { id: 2, name: 'Bob' }
        ]
    });
});

router.post('/users', (req, res) => {
    const { name, email } = req.body;

    if (!name || !email) {
        return res.status(400).json({
            error: '缺少必要字段'
        });
    }

    res.status(201).json({
        message: '用户创建成功',
        user: { name, email }
    });
});

module.exports = router;""",

        f"{project_name}/src/utils/logger.js": """const fs = require('fs');
const path = require('path');

class Logger {
    constructor() {
        this.logDir = path.join(__dirname, '../../logs');

        // 确保日志目录存在
        if (!fs.existsSync(this.logDir)) {
            fs.mkdirSync(this.logDir, { recursive: true });
        }
    }

    log(level, message, data = {}) {
        const timestamp = new Date().toISOString();
        const logEntry = {
            timestamp,
            level,
            message,
            ...data
        };

        const logString = JSON.stringify(logEntry) + '\\n';

        // 写入日志文件
        const logFile = path.join(this.logDir, `${level}.log`);
        fs.appendFileSync(logFile, logString, 'utf8');

        // 控制台输出
        console.log(`[${timestamp}] ${level.toUpperCase()}: ${message}`);
    }

    info(message, data = {}) {
        this.log('info', message, data);
    }

    error(message, error = null, data = {}) {
        const errorData = error ? { 
            error: error.message,
            stack: error.stack 
        } : {};

        this.log('error', message, { ...data, ...errorData });
    }

    warn(message, data = {}) {
        this.log('warn', message, data);
    }

    debug(message, data = {}) {
        if (process.env.NODE_ENV === 'development') {
            this.log('debug', message, data);
        }
    }
}

module.exports = new Logger();""",

        f"{project_name}/src/config/database.js": """const mongoose = require('mongoose');

const connectDB = async () => {
    try {
        const conn = await mongoose.connect(process.env.DATABASE_URL, {
            useNewUrlParser: true,
            useUnifiedTopology: true
        });

        console.log(`✅ MongoDB连接成功: ${conn.connection.host}`);
        return conn;
    } catch (error) {
        console.error(`❌ MongoDB连接失败: ${error.message}`);
        process.exit(1);
    }
};

module.exports = connectDB;""",

        f"{project_name}/.eslintrc.json": """{
    "env": {
        "node": true,
        "es2021": true,
        "jest": true
    },
    "extends": ["eslint:recommended"],
    "parserOptions": {
        "ecmaVersion": "latest",
        "sourceType": "module"
    },
    "rules": {
        "no-console": "warn",
        "no-unused-vars": ["error", { "argsIgnorePattern": "^_" }],
        "eqeqeq": "error",
        "curly": "error",
        "semi": ["error", "always"],
        "quotes": ["error", "single"]
    }
}""",

        f"{project_name}/jest.config.js": """module.exports = {
    testEnvironment: 'node',
    testMatch: ['**/tests/**/*.test.js'],
    collectCoverageFrom: [
        'src/**/*.js',
        '!src/server.js',
        '!**/node_modules/**'
    ],
    coverageThreshold: {
        global: {
            branches: 80,
            functions: 80,
            lines: 80,
            statements: 80
        }
    },
    verbose: true,
    setupFilesAfterEnv: ['<rootDir>/tests/setup.js']
};""",

        f"{project_name}/tests/setup.js": """// 测试环境配置
process.env.NODE_ENV = 'test';

// 加载环境变量
require('dotenv').config({ path: '.env.test' });""",

        f"{project_name}/tests/unit/example.test.js": """describe('示例测试', () => {
    test('加法测试', () => {
        expect(1 + 1).toBe(2);
    });

    test('对象相等测试', () => {
        const data = { one: 1 };
        data['two'] = 2;
        expect(data).toEqual({ one: 1, two: 2 });
    });

    test('真值测试', () => {
        expect(true).toBeTruthy();
        expect(false).toBeFalsy();
    });
});""",

        f"{project_name}/docs/api.md": """# API 文档

## 基础信息

- **基础URL**: `http://localhost:3000`
- **API版本**: `v1`

## 接口列表

### 健康检查
- **GET** `/health`
- 响应示例：
```json
{
    "status": "ok",
    "timestamp": "2024-01-01T00:00:00.000Z",
    "uptime": 123.456
}

获取用户列表

• GET /api/v1/users
• 响应示例：

  {
    "users": [
        {
            "id": 1,
            "name": "Alice"
        }
    ]
  }

创建用户

• POST /api/v1/users

• 请求体：

  {
    "name": "John Doe",
    "email": "john@example.com"
  }

• 响应示例：

  
  {
    "message": "用户创建成功",
    "user": {
        "name": "John Doe",
        "email": "john@example.com"
    }
  }
  ```"""
    }
  
    # 写入文件
    for file_path, content in files.items():
        with open(file_path, 'w', encoding='utf-8') as f:
            f.write(content)
        print(f"创建文件: {file_path}")
  
    print(f"\n✅ 项目 '{project_name}' 创建完成！")
    print(f"📂 位置: {os.path.abspath(project_name)}")
    print(f"\n📋 后续步骤:")
    print(f"1. cd {project_name}")
    print(f"2. npm install")
    print(f"3. cp .env.example .env")
    print(f"4. npm run dev")

if name == "main": project_name = input("请输入项目名称: ").strip() if not project_name: project_name = "my-nodejs-project"

create_nodejs_project_structure(project_name)

## 方法2：简洁版生成器

```python
import os

def create_minimal_nodejs_structure(project_name):
    """创建最简化的Node.js项目结构"""

    structure = {
        "package.json": """{
  "name": "%s",
  "version": "1.0.0",
  "main": "index.js",
  "scripts": {
    "start": "node index.js",
    "dev": "nodemon index.js"
  },
  "dependencies": {
    "express": "^4.18.0"
  },
  "devDependencies": {
    "nodemon": "^3.0.0"
  }
}""" % project_name,

        "index.js": """const express = require('express');
const app = express();
const port = process.env.PORT || 3000;

app.use(express.json());

app.get('/', (req, res) => {
    res.json({ message: 'Hello, World!' });
});

app.listen(port, () => {
    console.log(`Server running at http://localhost:${port}`);
});""",

        ".gitignore": """node_modules/
.env
*.log
.DS_Store""",

        "README.md": """# %s

## Getting Started

1. Install dependencies:
   \`\`\`bash
   npm install
   \`\`\`

2. Run in development mode:
   \`\`\`bash
   npm run dev
   \`\`\`

3. Run in production mode:
   \`\`\`bash
   npm start
   \`\`\`""" % project_name
    }

    os.makedirs(project_name, exist_ok=True)

    for filename, content in structure.items():
        filepath = os.path.join(project_name, filename)
        with open(filepath, 'w', encoding='utf-8') as f:
            f.write(content)
        print(f"Created: {filepath}")

    print(f"\n✅ Project '{project_name}' created successfully!")

# 使用示例
create_minimal_nodejs_structure("my-app")

方法3：使用命令行参数的版本

import argparse
import os
import sys

def main():
    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description='快速生成Node.js项目结构')
    parser.add_argument('name', help='项目名称')
    parser.add_argument('--type', choices=['minimal', 'full', 'api', 'cli'], 
                       default='full', help='项目类型 (default: full)')
    parser.add_argument('--no-git', action='store_true', help='不创建.git目录')

    args = parser.parse_args()

    if args.type == 'minimal':
        create_minimal_nodejs_structure(args.name)
    elif args.type == 'full':
        create_nodejs_project_structure(args.name)
    elif args.type == 'api':
        create_api_project_structure(args.name)
    elif args.type == 'cli':
        create_cli_project_structure(args.name)

    if not args.no_git:
        init_git_repo(args.name)

    print(f"\n🎉 项目生成完成！")
    print(f"👉 进入项目目录: cd {args.name}")

def init_git_repo(project_name):
    """初始化Git仓库"""
    import subprocess
    try:
        os.chdir(project_name)
        subprocess.run(['git', 'init'], check=True)
        subprocess.run(['git', 'add', '.'], check=True)
        subprocess.run(['git', 'commit', '-m', 'Initial commit'], check=True)
        os.chdir('..')
        print("✅ Git仓库初始化完成")
    except Exception as e:
        print(f"⚠️ Git初始化失败: {e}")

if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()

使用说明

运行方式

# 运行完整版本
python nodejs_generator.py

# 运行命令行版本
python nodejs_cli_generator.py my-project --type minimal

# 创建API项目
python nodejs_cli_generator.py my-api --type api

这个脚本会生成一个完整的、生产就绪的Node.js项目结构，包含了最佳实践和常用配置。